b'PERSPECTIVE MONDIALEWhile soaring oil prices andbnficient de normes disolation levessystme de conduits et reposent unique-incentive schemes have been the mainet dune enveloppe tanche, garantissantment sur la ventilation naturelletravers drivers for the retrofit market, buildingune charge thermique de conceptionla faade, avec des radiateurs hydro-codes have been the driving force inrelativement plus faible. niques ou lectriques comme metteurs new construction. In the mid-80s,La demande de chaleur est consi- de chaleur.new building regulations came intodrablement plus leve dans le parcDepuis la fin des annes quatre-force in Sweden that required all newlyimmobilier existant, en raison de lavingt-dix, les pompeschaleur gother-constructed houses to be equipped withnorme disolation plus faible combinemiques sont devenues le choix le plus a system for heat recovery. After a shortau climat froid de la Sude. De plus, lapopulaire dans le secteur de la rnova-trial period of a few years, the construc- grande majorit des maisons constru- tion en Sude. Aujourdhui, plus de 25 tion industry adopted the use of exhaustites avant 1980 ne disposent daucun% des maisons unifamiliales en sont air heat pumps. Since then, exhaust air heat pumps have had a market share exceeding 80 per cent in new construc-tion of single-family houses. An exhaust air heat pump benefits from the use of the relatively high temperature of the heat source( +21C). The drawback is that the heat source is limited by the air flow rate of the ventilated air, which limits the heat capacity to somewhere between4 and 6 kW, depending on the size of the building. This is, however, not a significant drawback as heat pumps installed in new construction benefit from high insulation standards and a tight envelope, ensuring a relatively lower design heat load.The heat demand is considerably higher in the existing building stock, due to the lower insulation standard combined with Swedens relatively cold climate. In addition, the majority of houses built before 1980 do not have any duct system and rely solely on natural ventilation through the faade, using hydronic or electric radiators as heat emitters. Since the end of the 1990s, geothermal heat pumps have become the most popular choice in Swedens renovation sector. Today, more than 25 per cent of single-family houses are equipped with a geothermal heat pump. In fact, the country has the highest penetration of geothermal heat pumps per capita in the world (IEA, 2019). Over the last 16 years, the accumulated sales of residential geothermal heat pumps in Sweden, a country with a population of just 10.5 million, have been at the same level as the U.S.After a slow start during the 1990s, heat pump sales started to pick up due to rising oil prices and the introductionFaster Lead Times With Manufacturing RIGHT HERE IN ONTARIOof incentives. Initial sales arguments were driven entirely on cost savings.Duct & Fittings Can Be Manufactured Using 1030 Ga. MetalsSweden was the first country in Europe to introduce a carbon tax which brought the price of heating oil to a painful level, while at the same time the price of electricity remained at a more reasonable level. This served as a strong economic motivator to shift from heating oil to an electric heat pump. The savings on operational costs achieved by replacing an existing boiler Spring 2023 Insight17'