WAR & GLOBAL WORK
SCENARIO 2: THE ADAPTATION – GLOBAL 
WORK REINVENTS ITSELF
In the second scenario, the disruption acts 
not as a ceiling but as a catalyst. The crisis 
forces the kind of innovation and rethinking 
that comfort rarely produces.
There are already signs of this. Regional 
economies are adapting swiftly; Saudi 
Arabia, for instance, has pivoted toward 
land-based oil export pipelines, while Dubai 
and Qatar have introduced emergency 
liquidity and business support packages to 
stabilize their economies. Gulf states are 
leveraging their energy wealth to attract 
investment in AI and digital infrastructure, 
positioning themselves as hubs for the next 
economy even as regional conflicts persist.
Meanwhile, at the end of January, India 
and the EU reached a landmark free trade 
deal, creating the world’s largest free trade 
zone encompassing two billion people and 
nearly 25 per cent of global GDP. This 
is a powerful reminder that geopolitical 
disruption in one part of the world can 
accelerate integration elsewhere. New 
trade corridors open and new partnerships 
form. In this scenario global work does not 
shrink but simply reroutes.
Technology plays a central role in this 
scenario. Global mobility becomes 
increasingly virtual. AI tools fill the void 
when physical movement is constrained. 
Real-time translation, AI-augmented cross-
cultural briefings and virtual collaboration 
platforms become more central to cross-
boundary collaboration; and they democra-
tize global work, reducing the premium  
on physical presence and making it  
possible for professionals and firms that 
previously lacked the budget for frequent 
travel to participate meaningfully in  
international markets.
The World Economic Forum’s Global 
Value Chains Outlook 2026 found that 
nearly three in four business leaders now 
prioritize resilience investments, with 74 
per cent viewing resilience as a driver of 
growth rather than a cost, calling for a shift 
away from efficiency-driven supply chains 
towards “adaptive networks.” In other 
words, there is increasing pressure to build 
more flexible, redundant and relationship-
rich global networks.
In this scenario, the global professionals 
who thrive are those who have invested in 
the kinds of deep, trust-based relationships 
that persist through disruption and that no 
rerouted flight path can sever.
WHICH SCENARIO WILL PREVAIL?
Probably neither, in its pure form. Reality, 
as always, will be messier. But the direction 
of travel matters enormously and it is not 
predetermined. It will be shaped, in signifi-
cant part, by how global leaders respond. 
Do they retreat into regional comfort 
zones or do they invest in the relationships 
and capabilities that allow them to work 
across disrupted landscapes? Do they treat 
geopolitical risk as a reason to disengage or 
as a prompt to become more sophisticated 
about where and how they engage?
The answer cannot be to go it alone or to 
pull up the drawbridge. The challenges 
we are navigating, from energy security to 
supply chain resilience and talent mobility, 
are precisely the kind that require coordina-
tion across borders, not withdrawal from 
them. The post-Cold War phase of rela-
tive stability has given way to a more 
fragmented system, marked by weaker 
international coordination and intensified 
competition among major powers. But this 
makes the quality of global leadership more, 
not less, consequential.
The cost of global work is rising. The cost 
of poor global leadership or of abandoning 
global work altogether, is rising faster.  
Sebastian Reiche is a professor of people manage-
ment at IESE Business School in Barcelona, 
Spain. His research focuses on the forms, prerequi-
sites and consequences of global work. This article 
first appeared in the IESE online blog.
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20 PERSPECTIVES  Summer 2026

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